Crowbar circuits have long been the go-to safeguard against overvoltage conditions, prized for their simplicity and ...

We’ve all experienced the effect of electrostatic discharge at some point in our lives, the most common case being a tingling sensation one feels after touching a door knob or any metal surface. When ...

Precision temperature control circuits for small thermal loads like oscillator crystals and voltage references tend to be fairly easy to design. This is because simple, well-behaved, linear-output ...

A transistor is a key component in electronics, often used as a switch or to amplify a signal from a sensor. NPN (negative-positive-negative) transistors are the most used transistor. An illustration ...